Clefts

A Critical Account of English Syntax에선 4가지 cleft construction로 설명하고 있습니다.

정보의 GIVEN and NEW, FOCUS의 의미•화용론적 관점으로 다시 한 번 살펴볼 수 있는 기회가 되었습니다.

 

IT-cleft

 

John cooked duck in our kitchen at Christmas.

 

It was John (that/who/Ø) cooked duck in our kitchen at Christmas.

 

All the staff were stunned when the fire broke out. It was Jennifer who activated the alarm and tackled the blaze with an extinguisher.

 

A: Is he the murderer?

B: No no it's the man that owns the garage.

   (← it's the man that owns the garage that's the murderer)

 

A: See the side where the cliffs are? Go along till - go straight along then down till you're about a cm above the picture of the waterfall.

B: so it's the side nearest the CLIFFS I've to go?

 

<모의고사/EBS교재 에서 논의된 문장>

It was the people in the intuitive group whose ratings predicted whether they were still dating their partner several months later.

It is the human ability to judge on physical and psychical states bringing health and disease into being.

It is more likely to be Americans who visit Jim Morrison's grave in Paris.

 

WH-cleft

 

John cooked duck in our kitchen at Christmas.

 

What John cooked in our kitchen at Christmas was duck.

Where John cooked duck at Christmas was in our kitchen.

When John cooked duck in our kitchen was at Christmas.

 

What they do is patrol the motorway.

What they're doing is patrolling/patrol the motorway.

What they're doing is they're patrolling the motorway.

What they're doing - they're patrolling the motorway.

 

The rain we can cope with, it's often welcomed, but what we dread is the hail.

Le Chai Insider (Laithwaite's), Autumn 2014

 

What will happen - she'll be raised using two ropes.

 

I tell you what surprises you. As I say - it's marvellous how many people lived in such a really small area

 

Where Maggie watched a scary film about mobsters last night was in sicily.

 

What Jim wanted was to leave London.

 

<EBS교재 에서 논의된 문장>

all we've done is written and distributed electronic data

 

Reverse WH-cleft

 

Duck was what John cooked in our kitchen at Christmas.

In our kitchen was where John cooked duck at Christmas.

At Christmas was when John cooked duck in our kitchen.

Patrol the motorway is what they do.

 

TH-cleft

 

You see that villa? That's what I'd like to buy.

 

Oh. We're at the gates. This is where we get off.